Magnitude of post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among women gender-based violence survivors in women shelters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,

Abstract

Background: One of the major traumatic events that could lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is gender-based violence (GBV). Knowing where we stand regarding this will shed light on the prevalence and various elements that contribute to the development of PTSD among GBV survivors. Moreover, findings from the study can contribute to evidence-based decision making and resource allocation by shelters, donors, and policymakers. Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of PTSD and associated factors among GBV survivors residing in women shelters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among GBV survivors in four women shelters in Addis Ababa, and a total of 189 female participants were included. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)) that was adopted from similar previous studies. For data entry EpiData was used. Then data was exported to Statistical Software Package STATA/SE version 14.0 for analysis. To detect association between the dependent and the independent variables, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed. Results: Prevalence of PTSD among GBV survivors was found to be 49.74% (95% CI, 42.6% - 56.9%). Being single (AOR=2.385, 95% CI 1.143-4.977) and having no formal education (AOR=2.611, 95% CI 1.090-6.259) were found to be significantly associated. Conclusion & recommendation: PTSD prevalence among GBV survivors in shelters in Addis Ababa was found to be high. Therefore, increased mental health support services, capacity building activities for shelters, and fostering partnerships with mental health organizations are vital. Further studies inclusive of more variables should also be considered.