Five year trend analysis of malaria case and correlated factors in Haramaya district, Oromia region, Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Structuring program in response to stratification of malaria by disease burden and including an analysis of past malaria incidence data, risk determinants related to the human host, parasites, vectors and the environment that together with an analysis of access to services will enable the tailoring of interventions to the local context and ensure efficient use of resources. Objectives: To determine the five year trend of malaria prevalence and associated factors in Haramaya district of Oromia Regional state, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to determine the five year trend of malaria case and its correlating factors by reviewing public health emergency management (PH EM) & malaria program coverage reports in line with climatic variable (Temperature, rain fall and relative humidity) in Haramaya district from July 2013 to June 2018. Spearman's r correlation analysis and multi linear regression model was performed to explore the association between malaria prevalence & climatic variables. Results: A total of 65,344 blood sample were examined from malaria-suspected patients either by microscopically or rapid diagnostic test (ROT) in the study area from July 2013 to June 2018. Of the examined blood sample, 23,897 (36.6%) were test positive for malaria cases. From the confirmed 23,897 malaria cases, 20,459 (85.6%) were plasmodium Fa\ciparum and only 3,438(14.4%) were plasmodium Vivax. Conclusion & recommendation: The current study found, plasmodium Falciparum malaria substantially predominant in the study area and the malaria burden during the study period was higher than its decline in the other parts of the country. Different contributing factors are involving in the fluctuation malaria prevalence in Haramaya district and climatic factors (rainfall, maximum temperature, and humidity) were shown high correlation in this study. All the strategies the country has developed for malaria elimination needs to be sustained and intensified in Haramaya district to support the malaria elimination targeted in 2030 and overcome the challenges of unexpected rise of the disease out break.......................................... Thesis available at ACIPH Library