Abstract:
They are being challenged by a ‘cascade of crises’. These
include conflict, (near and distant), human pandemics,
pests and diseases of crops and livestock, the risk of financial
instability due to national debt crises, and environmental
stresses. Some threats are set to intensify in the decades
ahead: this report asserts that whatever the expectation
of future delivery of Nationally Determined Contributions,
it would be prudent for African food systems to be
strengthened to be resilient not just to 1.5°C warming,
but to at least two degrees (above pre-industrial levels).i
The assertion that the 21st century may be entering an
‘age of disruption’ is of particular relevance to African
countries where small-scale farming dominates.
