Marburg Virus Disease (MVD): Marburg virus disease guidelines for laboratory specimen collection management: Biosafety and biosecurity

Abstract

Marburg virus disease (MVD), formerly known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever, is a severe, often fatal illness in humans. The Marburg virus is transmitted to people from fruit bats and spreads among humans through human-to-human transmission. It causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. The case-fatality rate for Marburg hemorrhagic fever is between 23% and 90%. Outbreaks and sporadic cases have been reported in many African countries, including Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, South Africa, etc. The most recent outbreaks occurred in Rwanda (2024), Tanzania (2023), and Equatorial Guinea (2023).