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Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer illness in Ethiopia, accounting for 16,133 (20.9%) of all cancer cases and 9,061 (17.5%) of all deaths due to cancer. There are different studies carried out different part of country with different findings on the survival of breast cancer and associated factors; There was no evidence at the country level.
Objectives: To Estimate evidences of Breast cancer survival rate and associated factors affecting survival in Ethiopia.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted as per the PRISMA protocol on all articles, from all corners of Ethiopia that were published in English language, without time restriction. A total of 11 eligible articles were identified systematically using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web science and grey literature. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO, ID: CRD42024498380. Extracted data were analyzed using STATA 17.0 statistical software. The heterogeneity of studies was determined using the Cochrane Q test statistic and I2 test statistics with forest plots. A random effects model was used to examine the pooled survival rate and associated factors. Publication bias assessed with funnel plot and Egger’s test.
Result: This review included 11 studies, which enrolled 31,410 participants. The median survival time ranges from 27 to 56.5 months. The pooled one-year survival rate was 89.29% (95% CI,83.27–95.31) in Ethiopia. The pooled two-year survival rate was 63.85% (95% CI,49.09–78.60). The pooled three-year survival rate was 68.17% (95% CI,57.53–78.81). The five -year survival rate was 41.16% (95% CI,32.98–49.34). Regarding associated factor this meta-analysis showed a patient presented with than ≥ 40 years AOR 0.29 (95% CI: 0.02-0.57) and presented with ≥ 5 cm tumor size AOR 0.46 (95% CI: 0.00-0.93) have significantly associated low survival rate. Patient residency, WHO stage and level of differentiation didn’t show significant association with low survival rate.
Conclusion
This study showed that about 6 out of 10 breast cancer patients in Ethiopia died before 5 years. The pooled survival rate of one-, two-, three- and five-year survival in Ethiopia was found to be low. A patient presented with <40 years and presented with < 5 cm tumor size were significantly associated with low survival rate. There is need to work in collaboration on advancement and availability of breast cancer treatment to improve low survival rate in Ethiopia.
Keywords: Survival rate, Associated factors Breast cancer, Ethiopia
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