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Background: There is growing evidence that shows the possible role of anal
intercourse between the same sex in the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in Africa. Such
generalization is also applicable in African countries where such sexual behavior has
become an emergent phenomenon.
Objective: To asses the possible role of MSM in the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in Addis
Ababa.
Methods: An ethnographic study was conducted in different parts of Addis Ababa
between January’06- March’06. Snowball sampling method was used to recruit MSM, hot
line counselors and victims of anal rape. Four Focus group discussions with MSM, key
informant interviews with three counselors as well as with three anal rape victims and
observation at bars, streets and tearooms were done. Data on the extent, patterns of
sexuality and related issues on MSM were collected and analyzed using open code
software and ground theory approach to qualitative data analysis.
Results: Contextual factors (socio-cultural and politico legal issues) were found to be
the bases of the development of risk behaviors to HIV/AIDS. This contextual factor
operates through mediators such as individual behavioral causes and immediate casual
factors. Different strategies were explored for possible cross bridging of infection between
the subgroup and the other heterosexual community.
Conclusions: The practice of MSM is beyond what one would expect in the city and
different factors are seen to lead people to get engaged in such sexual behavior. As this
practice exposes to HIV/AIDS related risks, it is high time to discuss this issue openly with
in the context of current efforts to control the HIV pandemic. |
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