Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice on prevention of common chronic non-communicable diseases among adults with in the age group of 25–64 years in Arada sub city, Addis Ababa

Abstract

Background: Chronic non-communicable diseases are the leading disease burden in the world. The increased prevalence of non communicable diseases in developing countries is linked to the rapid urbanization and increasing globalization of food, tobacco, and alcohol industries. Addis Ababa, being the capital of Ethiopia, is expected to have higher prevalence of lifestyle risk factors for chronic non communicable diseases. Thus, this study will provide some baseline information about knowledge, attitude and practice on prevention of chronic non communicable diseases in Arada sub city among adults. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice on prevention of common chronic non communicable diseases among adults with in the age group 25–64 years in Arada sub city Addis Ababa. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted from March 19-26, 2011G.C in Arada sub-city using quantitative method. Multi stage sampling technique was used. The sample size was determined by single population proportion determination formula & the total sample size was 844. Semi structured questionnaire was used. The data were entered and analyzed by EpiData version 3.1 & SPSS version16.0, respectively. Descriptive, simple logistic regression, multiple logistic regression and ordinal regression analyses were done. Result: Among 807 respondents 87.1% had sufficient knowledge about prevention of chronic non communicable diseases. The knowledge about prevention of chronic diseases among males was significantly greater than that of females [with AOR (95% CI) 1.72(1.05-2.8)]. About 67% of the respondents had good attitude towards risk reduction behaviors of chronic non communicable diseases. Respondents with marital status of single were found to have better attitude towards the risk reduction behavior than those who were married [with AOR (95%CI) = 1.69(1.07-2.67)]. Only 1.1% of the respondents had good preventive behavior. Females showed a better preventive behavior than males [with AOR (95% CI 0.45(0.310.63). Conclusion and recommendation: Majority of the respondents had sufficient knowledge and favorable attitude towards prevention of chronic non communicable diseases but there was inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables, along with high prevalence of physical inactivity. Therefore the concerned bodies should work to enhance practice of risk reduction behavior.